Gaza Herald – A new report by Oil Change International says 25 countries supplied Israel with oil and refined fuel during its assault on Gaza, accusing them of “complicity in genocide” against Palestinians.
Released Thursday on the sidelines of the COP30 climate summit in Brazil, the report links global energy flows directly to Israel’s military campaign and the destruction of Gaza.
According to the analysis, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan provided about 70% of the crude oil shipped to Israel between November 2023 and October 2025, while Russia, Greece, and the United States topped the list of suppliers of refined petroleum products. The United States is identified as the only country to supply Israel with JP-8 jet fuel for military aircraft, making its role a direct enabler of airstrikes on civilians in Gaza.
The report, based on data compiled by research firm Data Desk, tracked 323 shipments totaling 21.2 million tons of oil over the two years. Oil Change International says all exporting states were fully aware of the atrocities in Gaza, stressing that continuing to fuel Israel’s war machine “constitutes documented complicity that demands accountability.”
Legal experts cited in the report warn that these states may be violating their obligations under the 1948 Genocide Convention and the binding orders of the International Court of Justice to prevent and punish genocide. Any military or oil assistance to Israel, they argue, could expose governments to legal responsibility for aiding and abetting genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity.
The findings come in the wake of a genocidal war that has killed more than 69,000 Palestinians and injured around 170,000 since October 2023, most of them women and children. The UN estimates Gaza’s reconstruction cost at roughly $70 billion, while a July 2024 ICJ advisory opinion declared Israel’s occupation of Palestinian territory unlawful and a UN commission of inquiry accused Israel of committing systematic genocidal acts in the Strip.
